How IVF lab conditions can affect outcomes
By the MyBabyBridge editorial team · · Last reviewed · 2 min read
An IVF laboratory is where eggs are fertilized and embryos grow for several days. The conditions inside it matter, because eggs and embryos are sensitive to their environment.
What "culture conditions" means
Culture conditions are the environment embryos grow in: the culture medium (the fluid that supplies nutrients), temperature, pH, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, and air quality. Labs aim to keep all of these stable, because fluctuations can stress developing embryos.
Why oxygen levels are one example
Embryos in the body develop in a low-oxygen environment. A Cochrane review concluded that culturing embryos at low oxygen concentrations improves IVF and ICSI success rates, compared with atmospheric oxygen. This is one reason many labs now use low-oxygen incubators.
How good labs manage conditions
- Continuous monitoring and alarms for incubator temperature and gas levels.
- Regular quality checks of culture media and equipment.
- Filtered air and strict cleaning and handling procedures to prevent contamination.
- Trained, experienced embryologists and documented procedures.
- Identity checks at every step so eggs, sperm, and embryos are never mixed up.
Lab quality is one factor among many
Repeated IVF failure has many possible causes, and lab conditions are only one. Age is the biggest factor in IVF outcomes; MedlinePlus notes that live birth rates depend on factors such as the mother's age and prior live births. Embryo chromosomal problems, uterine factors, and sperm quality can also play a role. If you have had several unsuccessful cycles, a review with your doctor should look at all of these, not just the lab.
Questions to ask your clinic
- How does your lab monitor incubator conditions, and what happens if an alarm goes off?
- Do you culture embryos at low oxygen?
- Is your lab accredited, and how are embryologists trained?